Manifold Analysis of Facial Expressions
We propose a supervised manifold learning algorithm to
discover appearance manifold of facial expressions for capturing
dynamic emotion transitions. In particular, by incorporating prior class information
into Locality Preserving Projections (LPP) \cite{He-Niyogi:nips03}, we
propose a Supervised Locality Preserving Projections (SLPP) algorithm,
which not only preserves local structure, but also encodes class
information in the embedding. Extensive experiments on two databases
demonstrate superior performance of SLPP to the original LPP, LDA, and
PCA in learning subspace of facial expressions. For constructing a
feature space representation, we introduce Boosted Local Binary
Patterns (BoostLBP) for compactness without sacrificing discriminative
power. BoostLBP based SLPP achieves generalization performance of
94.6\% (92.0\% if neutral expression included) for basic emotion
recognition. When learning expression manifold from image sequences,
we propose a novel alignment algorithm to align manifolds of different
subjects on one generalized manifold. The learned generalized
appearance manifold provides a unified framework for dynamic emotion
analysis.
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